About Our 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Forging Facility in Jiangyin
Jiangsu Liangyi Co., Limited is a professional 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) forging parts manufacturer located in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province, China – China’s premier industrial forging cluster. Established in 1997, our ISO 9001:2015 certified factory covers 80,000㎡ with 40 million USD in fixed assets, we have delivered cost-effective, high-quality X4CrNiMo16-5-1 stainless steel forgings to clients across Asia, Europe, North America, the Middle East, and Oceania.
Our company is close to Shanghai Port (only 150km away) so that we can provide fast, reliable shipping to any international ports clients need .. We control the entire production chain from steel melting to final inspection, and our main products include 1.4418 seamless rolled rings, round bars, valve parts, turbine parts, and pump parts ranging from 30kg to 30,000kg with an annual capacity of 120,000 tons.
High-quality 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) QT900 forged round bars produced at our Jiangyin, Jiangsu factory
Available 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Forged Product Shapes & Dimensions
We make a full range of X4CrNiMo16-5-1 forged steel products in different shapes and sizes to meet your specific industrial requirements. All our 1.4418 open die forgings can be supplied in rough machined, semi-finished, or fully finished condition according to your drawings and technical specifications:
- Forged Bars & Rods: Round bars (up to 2000mm diameter), square bars, flat bars, rectangular bars, and hollow bars
- Seamless Rolled Rings: Custom forged rings that are up to 6 meters in diameter and 30 tons in weight
- Hollow Components: Hubs, housings, shells, sleeves, bushings, cases, and hollow bars
- Discs & Plates: Forged discs, disks, blocks, and plates are up to 2000mm diameter
- Pipes & Tubes: Seamless forged pipes, tubes, tubings, shells, casings, and barrels
- Shafts & Spindles: Step shafts, gear shafts, turbine shafts, and valve spindles are up to 15 meters long
- Custom Components: Flanges, gears, tube sheets, baffle plates, and other custom forged parts
Large diameter X4CrNiMo16-5-1 seamless rolled forged steel rings for critical industrial applications
1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Material Properties & Advantages
1.4418 (also known as X4CrNiMo16-5-1 or S165M) is a high-strength low-carbon martensitic or austenitic stainless steel. This premium alloy parts have excellent mechanical properties with good corrosion resistance and weldability, so that it is the best choice material for extreme industrial conditions where reliability and performance are important.
Main Material Advantages Over Conventional Stainless Steels
- It has higher tensile strength (760-1100 MPa in QT900 condition) compared to 304/316 stainless steels
- Excellent fatigue resistance for rotating and cyclic load applications
- Great weldability with properties maintained after welding, unlike many high-strength alloys
- Good resistance to slightly corrosive environments including mild acids, salt water, and industrial atmospheres
- Two tensile strength levels available: QT760 and QT900 (industry standard for most applications)
- Good toughness at both room and moderately elevated temperatures
- Excellent machinability compared to other high-strength stainless steels
1.4418 vs Other Common Stainless Steels
| Property | 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) | 316 Stainless Steel | 410 Stainless Steel |
|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 760-1100 | 485-655 | 450-650 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 550-700 | 205-290 | 275-415 |
| Elongation (%) | 14-16 | 30-40 | 20-25 |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good | Excellent | Fair |
| Weldability | Excellent | Excellent | Fair |
| Cost | Medium-High | High | Medium |
Chemical Composition (%)
| Element | Content Range |
|---|
| Iron (Fe) | 73.2 - 80.2 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 15.0 - 17.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 4.0 - 6.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.8 - 1.5 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0 - 1.5 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0 - 0.7 |
| Carbon (C) | 0 - 0.060 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0 - 0.040 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0 - 0.020 |
| Sulfur (S) | 0 - 0.015 |
Mechanical Properties (QT900 Condition)
| Property | Value |
|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 760 - 1100 MPa |
| 0.2% Proof Strength (Rp0.2) | 550 - 700 MPa |
| Elongation (Longitudinal) | Minimum 16% |
| Elongation (Transverse) | Minimum 14% |
| Brinell Hardness (Annealed) | 320 HB |
| Impact Toughness (Charpy V) | Minimum 40 J at room temperature |
Mechanical Properties Comparison: QT760 vs QT900 (EN 10088-3)
1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) is used in two heat treatment conditions.QT760 is the best choice material for less demanding applications where cost is a primary consideration.; QT900 is the industry standard for high-load rotating and valve parts. Both conditions can be supplied by Jiangsu Liangyi with full EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certification.
| Property | QT760 Condition | QT900 Condition | Test Standard |
|---|
| Tensile Strength Rm (MPa) | 760 – 960 | 900 – 1,100 | EN ISO 6892-1 |
| 0.2% Proof Strength Rp0.2 (MPa) | ≥ 550 | ≥ 700 | EN ISO 6892-1 |
| Elongation A (longitudinal, %) | ≥ 18 | ≥ 16 | EN ISO 6892-1 |
| Elongation A (transverse, %) | ≥ 15 | ≥ 14 | EN ISO 6892-1 |
| Reduction of Area Z (longitudinal, %) | ≥ 55 | ≥ 50 | EN ISO 6892-1 |
| Charpy V-notch Impact (J, longitudinal) | ≥ 50 at +20°C | ≥ 40 at +20°C | EN ISO 148-1 |
| Hardness (HB) | 220 – 290 HB | 270 – 320 HB | EN ISO 6506-1 |
| Typical Application | General pump/compressor shafts, structural components | Valve stems, turbine parts, downhole tools, cryogenic components | — |
Physical & Thermal Properties of 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1)
The following physical properties are important for finite element analysis (FEA), thermal management design, and machining parameter calculations. All values are measured at room temperature unless otherwise stated.
| Property | Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.70 | g/cm³ | 20°C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 200 | GPa | 20°C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 77 | GPa | 20°C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.29 | — | 20°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 15.1 | W/(m·K) | 20°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (cp) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20°C |
| Mean Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 10.2 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | 20–200°C |
| Mean Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 10.8 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | 20–300°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ) | 0.70 | μΩ·m | 20°C |
| Magnetic Permeability | Slightly magnetic (martensitic phase) | — | — |
| Max. Service Temperature (continuous) | 350 | °C | Continuous load |
Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) of 1.4418
The Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) is the main index used by engineers to evaluate the chloride pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel. It is calculated using the formula: PREN = %Cr + 3.3 × %Mo + 16 × %N.
| Parameter | Typical Value for 1.4418 | Contribution to PREN |
|---|
| Chromium (Cr, %) | 16.0 | 16.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo, %) | 1.2 | + 3.3 × 1.2 = 3.96 |
| Nitrogen (N, %) | 0.015 | + 16 × 0.015 = 0.24 |
| Calculated PREN | ≈ 20.2 (typical; range 18–22 depending on heat chemistry) |
Practical Guidance: A PREN of 20–22 places 1.4418 above standard martensitic grades (410/420, PREN ≈ 12–14) and most precipitation-hardening steels. It is the best choice material for mildly aggressive chloride environments including seawater splash zones, brackish water, and industrial cooling water. For immersed seawater service (continuous), duplex grades (2205, PREN ≈ 34) or super-duplex (2507, PREN ≈ 43) should be considered. Jiangsu Liangyi can supply 1.4418 heats with verified PREN ≥ 20 by chemistry certification on request.
1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Grade Equivalents & Comparison with Similar High-Strength Stainless Steels
Engineers frequently search for alternative grades when 1.4418 is not available or when comparing options. The table below compares 1.4418 with the most commonly considered alternatives — 17-4PH (1.4542), 15-5PH, 13-8Mo (1.4534), and duplex 2205 (1.4462) — across the properties that matter most for forging applications.
| Property | 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) | 17-4PH (1.4542) | 15-5PH (1.4540) | 13-8Mo (1.4534) | Duplex 2205 (1.4462) |
|---|
| UNS / EN Number | 1.4418 / S165M | 1.4542 / S17400 | 1.4540 / S15500 | 1.4534 / S13800 | 1.4462 / S31803 |
| Microstructure | Martensitic / Austenitic | Precipitation-hardening martensitic | Precipitation-hardening martensitic | Precipitation-hardening martensitic | Duplex (austenitic + ferritic) |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 760 – 1,100 | 930 – 1,310 | 930 – 1,310 | 1,030 – 1,380 | 620 – 880 |
| 0.2% Yield Strength (MPa) | 550 – 700 | 724 – 1,170 | 724 – 1,170 | 1,000 – 1,310 | 450 – 620 |
| Charpy Impact Toughness | Good (40–80 J) | Moderate (27–40 J) | Moderate (27–54 J) | Good (34–68 J) | Excellent (100+ J) |
| Weldability | Excellent | Good (PWHT recommended) | Good (PWHT recommended) | Good (PWHT required) | Good |
| PREN (Corrosion Resistance) | ≈ 20 | ≈ 16 | ≈ 17 | ≈ 21 | ≈ 34 |
| Hardening Mechanism | Quench & Temper (Q+T) | Precipitation (Cu-rich phase) | Precipitation (Cu-rich phase) | Precipitation (β-NiAl phase) | Solution anneal only |
| Typical Forging Temp (°C) | 950 – 1,150 | 950 – 1,150 | 950 – 1,150 | 950 – 1,150 | 1,000 – 1,200 |
| Max Service Temp (°C) | 350 | 316 (H900) / 480 (H1150) | 316 (H900) | 370 | 300 |
| Relative Material Cost | Medium | Medium-High | Medium-High | High | Medium-High |
| Best For | Valves, turbines, pumps, downhole — balanced strength + weldability | Aerospace, oil & gas — very high strength, moderate toughness | Aerospace, valve bodies — similar to 17-4PH, better toughness | Aerospace, defense — ultra-high strength, excellent toughness | Chemical processing, offshore — superior corrosion resistance |
Selection Guidance: Choose 1.4418 when you need a balance of high strength (≥760 MPa), reliable weldability without mandatory post-weld heat treatment, and moderate corrosion resistance at a competitive cost. If tensile strength exceeding 1,100 MPa is needed, consider 17-4PH H900 or 13-8Mo. If chloride corrosion resistance is the primary concern (PREN > 30), duplex 2205 or super-duplex 2507 is the right choice. Jiangsu Liangyi make forgings in all of these grades — contact us to discuss the optimal material for your application.
Precision Heat Treatment Process for 1.4418 Forgings
Our 1.4418 forged parts have mechanical properties after computer-controlled heat treatment .Our experienced metallurgists strictly monitor every step of the process to make sure every part has consistent quality:
- Annealing: 600-650°C (1112-1200°F) with controlled slow cooling to relieve internal stresses
- Hardening: 950-1050°C (1740-1920°F) with oil or polymer quench for consistent hardness
- Tempering: 550-620°C (1025-1145°F) for 8 hours to get QT900 properties
Critical Quality Note: This alloy may experience temper embrittlement if it is tempered at 450-550°C (785-1022°F) or slow cooled through this temperature range. Our advanced heat treatment furnaces with temperature control and rapid cooling systems can eliminate this risk, making sure all of the 1.4418 stainless steel forgings meet the highest quality standards.
Our Full 1.4418 Forging Production Process in Jiangsu
We provide a full range of service from raw material melting to final inspection, making sure all of the 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) forging parts have the highest quality :
1. Raw Material Production
- The 30-ton electric arc furnace (EAF) can melt steel
- the 30-ton ladle refining furnace (LF) is used to adjust chemical composition
- the 30-ton vacuum degassing furnace (VOD) is used to remove impurities and gases
- Electroslag remelting (ESR) is used for important applications that need great cleanliness
2. Forging Process
- Heating in gas-fired furnaces with precise temperature control
- Perform Open die forging using 2000-6300 ton hydraulic presses and 1-5 ton electro-hydraulic hammers
- Seamless ring rolling is carried out on 1-meter and 5-meter ring rolling machines
- Multiple forging passes to make sure the grain flow and mechanical properties are good.
3. Post-Forging Processing
- Precision heat treatment as specified above
- Rough, semi-finish, or finish machining according to customer drawings
- Surface treatment options including shot blasting, pickling, and passivation
- Non-destructive testing and quality inspection
Industrial Applications of 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Forgings
1.4418 stainless steel forgings are used in important industries where high strength, good corrosion resistance, and reliability are essential. Our X4CrNiMo16-5-1 forged components have been successfully used in many projects around the world.
Valve Industry
1.4418 is the best choice material for high-performance valve parts because it has excellent strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance:
- Valve balls, bonnets, bodies, stems, closures, and seat rings
- Valve cores and discs for H-type two-way valves, ball valves, check valves, and gate valves
- Butterfly valve main shafts and spindles
- Cryogenic high-performance butterfly valve shafts for LNG applications
- Oil measurement valve spools and ultrasonic flow meter bodies
Project Reference: We have supplied over 5,000 X4CrNiMo16-5-1 valve parts to leading valve manufacturers in Germany, USA, and Italy for oil and gas pipelines.
Nuclear Power Industry
1.4418 has excellent mechanical properties and radiation resistance , so that it becomes the best choice material for nuclear power applications:
- Nuclear reactor coolant pump rotors and impellers
- Reactor coolant pump casings, shells, and containment seal chambers
- Pressure vessel and reactor nozzles
- Control rod drive mechanisms
Project Reference: We have made 1.4418 reactor coolant pump parts for multiple nuclear power plants in China and Southeast Asia.
Oil & Gas Industry
1.4418 has excellent performance in the harsh environments encountered in oil and gas exploration and production:
- Downhole drilling tool parts including mud motor splined drive shafts
- Electric submersible pump (ESP) motor splined shafts
- Double studded adapter flanges and wellhead parts
- Subsea valve and manifold parts.
Project Reference: Delivered X4CrNiMo16-5-1 downhole drilling parts to major oilfield service companies operating in the Middle East and North Sea.
Power Generation Industry
1.4418 has high temperature strength and fatigue resistance, so that it is the best choice material for power generation equipment:
- Gas and steam turbine blades, discs, impellers, and blisks
- Turbine valve spindles, stems, rods, seats, and cores
- Main steam valve covers, bonnets, and sleeves
- Power plant steam turbine control and reheat valve discs
- Gas turbine LPT 1st and 2nd stage casings
Project Reference: We have supplied 1.4418 gas turbine parts to thermal power plants in India, Indonesia, and Thailand.
Compressor & Pump Industry
- Gas and air compressor rotors and impellers
- Turbo centrifugal compressor shrouded impellers
- Pump casings, covers, barrels, impellers, shafts, and housings
- Pump wear rings and cases
Other Industrial Applications
- Turbine and compressor labyrinth shaft seals
- Venturi cone meter bodies and blocks
- Transition cones and pressure vessel parts
- Single and double bossed blanks and flanged bosses
- Gas and steam turbine fasteners, bolts, and studs
- Turbine guide rings, seal rings, labyrinth rings, and diaphragm nozzles
- Boiler, heat exchanger, and pressure vessel parts including tube sheets, baffle plates, and channel flanges
Real Delivery Cases: 1.4418 Technical Challenges & Solutions
Jiangsu Liangyi has helped clients throughout Europe, North America, the Middle East, and Asiasolved overcome engineering and supply challenges. The following cases show how our professional material knowledge, precise production and efficient project management provide stable and reliable solutions that ordinary suppliers cannot offer.
⚠ Technical Challenge
A top German valve OEM needed 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) butterfly valve main shafts for LNG cryogenic service at −196°C. The client specified:
- Diameter tolerance: it is ±0.03mm over 1,200mm shaft length
- Charpy impact energy ≥ 60 J at −196°C (far exceeding EN 10088-3 minimum of 40 J at room temperature)
- Zero porosity, confirmed by 100% UT to SEP 1921 Class C/c
- Delivery within 5 weeks due to plant commissioning deadline
Their two previous suppliers failed the low temperature impact test, which delayed the project by more than 3 months.
✅ Our Solution
Our metallurgical team developed a special production process for cryogenic low-temperature use:
- ESR (Electroslag Remelting) applied to billets to eliminate macro-segregation and get superior cleanliness — sulfide inclusion content reduced by 60% vs. standard EAF+VOD material
- Extended tempering cycle: 620°C for 10 hours (instead of the usual 8 hours) to get the most toughness while still meeting tensile requirements.
- Cryogenic impact testing in-house at −196°C using liquid nitrogen bath, with full traceability to raw material heat number
- Finish machining on 4-axis CNC lathe with in-process CMM verification at every 200mm interval
- Parallel production scheduling compressed lead time to 4.5 weeks
Product: Butterfly Valve Shafts (Ø85mm × 1,200mm) Quantity: 240 pcs / year (ongoing) Standard: EN 10088-3, SEP 1921 Class C/c Lead Time: 4.5 weeks
⚠ Technical Challenge
An oilfield services company drilling in Saudi Arabia's high-H₂S (sour gas) reservoirs needed 1.4418 splined drive shafts for positive displacement mud motors that worked at depths of more than 5,000 meters.Here are their requirements:
- Meet NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 standard, its hardness must not exceed 23 HRC , can resist to sulfide stress cracking (SSC)
- Spline profile is machined according to DIN 5480, with tooth form accuracy Grade 7
- Maximum hardness variation of across cross-section is ≤ 2 HRC to prevent preferential corrosion
- EN 10204 3.2 certificate (third-party verified by Bureau Veritas)
- Client's previous supplier delivered shafts with hardness up to 26 HRC at surface, these parts didn't meet failing NACE.
✅ Our Solution
- Adjusted tempering temperature: We changed the tempering temperature to 600–605°C and held it for 9 hours. All parts had a consistent hardness of 20–22 HRC across all cross-sections, which is well below the NACE limit of 23 HRC.
- Hardness mapping protocol: Before machining, each forging slice had a 9-point Brinell hardness grid. Any deviation greater than 1.5 HRC was flagged for re-heat treatment.
- Dedicated CNC spline milling on Gleason gear hobbing machine; 100% profile checked by Zeiss Gear Pro CMM software
- Third-party witness inspection by Bureau Veritas Shanghai coordinated by our QC team, with zero NCRs raised across 3 inspection visits
- Material traceability from ESR ingot to finished shaft are documented in digital MTC package
Product: Splined Drive Shafts (Ø76mm × 900mm) Quantity: 180 pcs (initial order), now 400 pcs/year Standard: NACE MR0175, EN 10204 3.2, DIN 5480 Lead Time: 6 weeks incl. BV inspection
⚠ Technical Challenge
A French nuclear engineering contractor needed big 1.4418 seamless rolled ring forgings for the parts that make up the reactor coolant pump (RCP) at a new EPR plant.The challenge was big:
- Parts weight is 4,200 kg per piece; outer diameter is 1,850mm
- All parts must meet RCC-M M2111 (French nuclear material specification) — far stricter than standard EN 10088-3
- UT acceptance criteria: FBH ≥ Ø2mm prohibited throughout entire volume (SEP 1921 Class A/a)
- AFCEN-qualified third-party inspector witness needed for every production stage
- Zero-defect requirement: any single NCR would trigger complete batch rejection
✅ Our Solution
- Triple-refined melting route: EAF → LF → VOD → ESR, producing ingots with inclusion content below RCC-M Class 1 limits
- Full forging simulation using DEFORM 3D software to optimize reduction ratio (achieved 6:1) and eliminate dead zones — grain size uniformly ASTM 5–6 throughout section
- Dedicated heat treatment batch: 10-furnace zone temperature uniformity ±5°C, verified by 12-point thermocouple array with continuous data logging submitted to AFCEN inspector
- Phased array UT (PAUT) performed by Level III RT/UT technicians; 100% volume coverage with C-scan mapping submitted as part of the QA dossier
- Complete Nuclear Quality Dossier (NQD) prepared in French and English, comprising 340 pages of process records, test reports, and material traceability documentation
Product: RCP Casing Rings (Ø1,850mm × 420mm, 4,200kg) Quantity: 8 pcs Standard: RCC-M M2111, SEP 1921 Class A/a, EN 10204 3.2 Lead Time: 14 weeks (incl. AFCEN witness)
⚠ Technical Challenge
A US-based gas turbine OEM needed 1.4418 seamless rolled rings for the first and second stages of the LPT (Low Pressure Turbine) casing. The geometry was very difficult:
- OD: 2,400mm / Wall thickness: only 55mm (wall-to-diameter ratio of 1:43.6)
- Roundness (circularity) tolerance ≤ 0.5mm after heat treatment and rough machining
- Flatness of both faces: ≤ 0.3mm
- ASTM A988 / ASTM A484 dimensional and surface requirements
- The thin-wall geometry caused severe distortion in heat treatment with all previously trialed suppliers, with roundness deviations reaching 3–6mm
✅ Our Solution
- Forging allowance optimization: The ring was rolled to a wall thickness of 80mm (instead of the final 55mm) to keep its structural rigidity during heat treatment. The machining allowance was then moved to the inner bore.
- Custom fixturing for heat treatment: Rings are held up by a precision-machined refractory saddle with 12 contact points. The quench is vertical to keep the cooling even.
- Stress-relief straightening was done on 5-meter ring rolling machine immediately after quench, before microstructure is fully stabilized — a proprietary technique developed by our process team
- CMM measurement at 3 stages: post-heat treatment, post-rough machine, and final; roundness consistently got 0.3–0.4mm across all 24 rings
- Full ASTM A988 material certification with mechanical test coupons machined from each forging heat
Product: LPT Casing Rings (Ø2,400mm × 55mm wall, 1,800kg) Quantity: 24 pcs/year (3-year contract) Standard: ASTM A988, ASTM A484, EN 10204 3.1 Lead Time: 8 weeks
⚠ Technical Challenge
A Norwegian subsea equipment manufacturer needed 1.4418 stepped splined shafts for electric submersible pumps (ESP) deployed at 800m water depth in the North Sea. The operating environment imposed severe multi-axis demands:
- Continuous seawater exposure — PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent) ≥ 20 required (formula: Cr + 3.3×Mo + 16×N)
- Dynamic fatigue loading: minimum 10⁷ cycle fatigue life at 350 MPa alternating stress
- Meet DNVGL-OS-E101 offshore standard with third-party inspection by DNV-GL
- Step shaft geometry with 6 diameter changes along 1,450mm length; concentricity between steps ≤ 0.04mm TIR
- Passivation and surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.4μm on all sealing faces
✅ Our Solution
- Chemistry optimization: Selected heat with Cr 16.4%, Mo 1.45%, N 0.018% — calculated PREN = 21.3, exceeding the minimum of 20; certified by spectrometer analysis with DNV-GL witness
- Dedicated fatigue test program: 6 specimens machined from production forgings tested on servo-hydraulic fatigue rig; all exceeded 10⁷ cycles at 375 MPa — 7% above client requirement
- Multi-step CNC turning sequence on Mazak Integrex i-630V with live tooling; concentricity held to 0.018–0.032mm TIR across all 6 diameter transitions, verified by Renishaw on-machine probing
- Electropolishing + citric acid passivation to ASTM A967, achieving Ra 0.22–0.38μm on sealing faces with salt spray test (ASTM B117, 1000 hours) passed without pitting
- Full DNV-GL survey attendance at forging, heat treatment, and final inspection stages; DNV-GL product certificate issued
Product: ESP Stepped Splined Shafts (Ø110→Ø55mm, 1,450mm) Quantity: 60 pcs/year Standard: DNVGL-OS-E101, ASTM B117, ASTM A967, EN 10204 3.2 Lead Time: 7 weeks incl. DNV-GL survey
Production Standards & Comprehensive Quality Assurance
All our 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) forged parts meet international standards and pass through rigorous quality inspection at every stage of production:
International Production Standards
- EN 10088-3: 2005 - Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products
- EN 10028-7: 2007 - Flat products made of steels are used for pressure purposes. Stainless steels
- EN 10272: 2007 - Stainless steel bars are used for pressure purposes
- EN 10250-4: 2000 - Open steel die forgings are used for general engineering purposes. Stainless steels
- EN 10088-1: 2005 - Stainless steels
- EN 10088-5: 2009 - Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for construction purposes
Comprehensive Quality Control System
We have many advanced testing equipments to make sure every 1.4418 forging meets your specifications:
- Chemical Analysis: Spectrometer analysis to verify exact chemical composition
- Mechanical Testing: Tensile testing, hardness testing, and Charpy impact testing
- High-Temperature Testing: High-temperature tensile and creep testing
- Non-Destructive Testing: 100% Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Magnetic Particle Testing (MT), and Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)
- Metallographic Examination: Grain size determination and microstructure analysis
- Dimensional Inspection: Precision measurement using CMM and other advanced equipment
We provide full Mill Test Certificates (MTC) 3.1 or 3.2 according to EN 10204 standards with every shipment, which record all test results and material traceability.
Why Choose Jiangsu Liangyi as Your 1.4418 Forging Partner in China?
Strategic Location Advantages in Jiangyin, Jiangsu
- Located in Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Province – China's premier forging industry cluster
- Only 150km from Shanghai Port, making sure shipping is fast and cost-effective
- Access to a skilled workforce with decades of forging experience
- Close to raw material suppliers, reducing lead times and costs
Manufacturing Excellence
- 25+ Years Experience: Established in 1997, we have extensive expertise in manufacturing high-quality stainless steel forgings
- Advanced Equipment: We have 2000-6300 ton hydraulic presses, 1-5 meter seamless rolling machines, and 10 modern heat treatment furnaces
- Full Production Chain: provide a full range of service from steel melting and forging to heat treatment and machining, all processes are performed in-house
- Large Capacity: Produce forged parts from 30kg to 30,000kg with an annual capacity of 120,000 tons
Customer-Centric Service
- Custom Solutions: Make custom forgings according to your drawings and technical specifications
- Technical Support: Our team of experienced metallurgists and engineers provide professional support
- Fast Lead Times: Normal lead time is 4-6 weeks for standard products
- Global Delivery: Shipping to over 50 countries around the world with reliable logistics partners
- Quality Guaranteed: ISO 9001:2015 certified with strict quality control throughout the production process
Available Size Range & Dimension Specifications for 1.4418 Forgings
Jiangsu Liangyi can produce 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) forged parts in a wide dimensional range, from small precision components to ultra-large rings weighing 30 tons. The table below shows the standard supply range for each product category. You also can get custom sizes that aren't in these ranges. Please get in touch with our engineering team to talk about what you need.
| Product Form | Dimensional Range | Weight Range | Supply Condition |
|---|
| Round Bars / Rods | Ø30mm – Ø2,000mm; Length up to 8,000mm | 5 kg – 20,000 kg | As-forged, rough machined, or finish machined; QT760 or QT900 |
| Seamless Rolled Rings | OD: Ø300mm – Ø6,000mm; Height: 50mm – 2,500mm; Wall: ≥ 30mm | 10 kg – 30,000 kg | As-forged, rough machined, or semi-finish machined; QT760 or QT900 |
| Discs & Plates | Ø100mm – Ø2,000mm; Thickness: 20mm – 800mm | 5 kg – 18,000 kg | As-forged or rough machined |
| Hollow Bars / Tube Blanks | OD: Ø100mm – Ø1,500mm; ID: ≥ Ø40mm; Length: up to 6,000mm | 20 kg – 12,000 kg | As-forged or rough bored |
| Step Shafts / Spindles | Max Ø: 800mm; Length: up to 15,000mm | 10 kg – 10,000 kg | Rough or finish machined to drawing |
| Square / Flat Bars | Width: 50mm – 800mm; Thickness: 30mm – 600mm; Length: up to 6,000mm | 5 kg – 8,000 kg | As-forged or rough machined |
| Custom Forgings (Flanges, Gear Blanks, Valve Bodies) | Per customer drawing; max envelope Ø2,500mm × 3,000mm | 30 kg – 30,000 kg | Finish machined to drawing; NDE and certification included |
Surface Finish & Machining Tolerance Standards
- Dimensional tolerance: EN 10243-1 (close tolerances for open die forgings), or per customer drawing
- Straightness: it is ≤ 1mm/m for bars and shafts; it is ≤ 0.5mm/m for finish machined parts
- Roundness of rings: ≤ 0.5% of OD (as-forged); ≤ 0.3mm (after rough machining)
- Surface roughness: Ra 0.4 – 6.3 μm depending on supply condition (see Surface Treatment section)
How to Order 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1) Forging Parts from Jiangsu Liangyi
Our ordering process is fast, transparent, and technically rigorous. From initial inquiry to goods receipt, our project management team keeps you informed at every stage. The normal process for a custom 1.4418 forging order is as follows:
| Step | Stage | Timeline | What We Need From You | What You Receive |
|---|
| 1 | Initial Inquiry | Day 0 | Drawing or sketch + material spec (1.4418 / X4CrNiMo16-5-1) + quantity + standards + delivery deadline | Acknowledgement within 2 hours (business days) |
| 2 | Technical Review & Quotation | Within 24–48 hours | Clarification of any ambiguous dimensions, tolerances, or NDE requirements | Formal quotation with unit price, lead time, certification options (3.1 or 3.2), and payment terms (T/T 30% deposit) |
| 3 | Order Confirmation & Drawing Approval | Day 2–5 | Signed purchase order + approved drawing (PDF or DXF) + deposit payment | Order confirmation, production schedule, and assigned project engineer contact |
| 4 | Production & Progress Updates | Week 1–5 (typical) | Third-party inspector nomination (if 3.2 certificate required) | Weekly production progress reports; photos of key stages (melting, forging, heat treatment); notification when ready for inspection |
| 5 | Quality Inspection & Certification | Week 5–6 | Third-party inspector attendance (if required); approval of inspection results | Dimensional inspection report, NDE reports (UT/MT/PT), Mill Test Certificate (3.1 or 3.2 per EN 10204), heat treatment records |
| 6 | Payment & Shipment Arrangement | Week 6 | Balance payment (70%); shipping instructions (FOB Shanghai / CIF destination / DDP) | Commercial invoice, packing list, B/L or airway bill, COO (Certificate of Origin), phytosanitary certificate (if required by destination country) |
| 7 | Delivery & After-Sales Support | Week 7–10 (sea freight) | — | Tracking updates; technical support if questions arise during incoming inspection or machining; 12-month quality warranty |
Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ): Generally 1 piece for custom forgings and 500 kg for standard round bars. Contact us if your requirement is smaller — we frequently accommodate prototype and sample orders for new customers.
Packaging & International Shipping of 1.4418 Forged Parts
Proper packaging protects your 1.4418 stainless steel forgings against corrosion, mechanical damage, and moisture during international transit. Jiangsu Liangyi follows stringent export packaging standards and has delivered to over 50 countries via sea, air, and multimodal freight.
Standard Export Packaging Specifications
| Product Type | Packaging Method | Anti-Corrosion Treatment | Marking |
|---|
| Round Bars & Shafts (≤ 500 kg) | Steel-banded timber bundles; placed in plywood cases or steel-framed crates | VCI (Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor) film wrapping + desiccant sachets inside sealed polyethylene bag | Heat number, material grade, dimensions, net/gross weight, PO number laser-stamped or low-stress vibration-engraved |
| Large Bars & Shafts (> 500 kg) | Heavy-duty timber pallet or custom steel cradle; secured with 4-point steel banding | Rust-preventive oil coating (Dinitrol AV 30 or equivalent) + heat-shrink polyethylene wrap | As above + color-coded QT condition label (blue = QT760, red = QT900) |
| Seamless Rolled Rings (< 2,000 kg) | Stood vertically on timber base inside wooden case; foam edge protection | Internal bore and all machined faces: rust-preventive oil + VCI paper lining | OD, ID, height, weight, heat number stamped on outer surface |
| Large Rings (> 2,000 kg) | Custom steel transport frame welded to ISO container base; rings secured with wire rope slings | All machined surfaces: Dinitrol coating + heat-shrink wrap; bore plugged with foam | As above + CN23 / dangerous goods declaration if applicable |
| Precision Finish-Machined Parts | Individual polyurethane foam lined wooden cases; sealing faces protected with PVC end caps | Citric acid passivated + VCI bag sealed with oxygen absorber; desiccant inside case | Part number, serial number, QC pass sticker, inspection date |
Shipping & Logistics Options
- Port of Loading: Shanghai Port (CNSHA) — only 150km from our Jiangyin factory, transit time approximately 3 hours by truck
- Sea Freight (FCL/LCL): Standard for orders over 2 CBM; typical transit times — Europe 25–35 days, USA East Coast 30–40 days, Middle East 18–25 days, Southeast Asia 8–15 days, Australia 18–25 days
- Air Freight: Available for urgent small parts (typically < 500 kg); connects via Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG)
- Incoterms Available: EXW, FOB Shanghai, CFR, CIF, DAP, DDP — whatever trade terms you need is ok
- Export Documentation: Commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading, certificate of origin (Form A / China FTA COO), mill test certificate, phytosanitary certificate for timber packaging (ISPM 15 compliant heat-treated wood)
- Customs Classification: HS Code 7228.30 (bars and rods of other alloy steel) / 7228.60 (bars and rods of other alloy steel, other) — we provide HS code confirmation in our commercial invoices to facilitate smooth customs clearance
For oversized or overweight shipments (single pieces exceeding 25 tons or dimensions exceeding standard container limits), we coordinate with specialist heavy-lift freight forwarders and can arrange flat-rack or open-top container booking, break-bulk vessel cargo, or river barge transfer to Shanghai Port.
Frequently Asked Questions About 1.4418 Forging Parts
What is the difference between 1.4418 QT760 and QT900?
The difference between QT760 and QT900 is the tempering conditions of 1.4418 steel. QT760 has a minimum tensile strength of 760 MPa, while QT900 has a minimum tensile strength of 900 MPa. QT900 is the most commonly used grade in industry ,as it has great strength and good toughness.
Can 1.4418 be welded?
Yes, 1.4418 is more easier to be weld compared to other high-strength stainless steels. It can be welded using conventional welding methods, and its mechanical properties are maintained after welding. Preheating is generally not needed for thin sections, but may be needed for thicker sections to prevent cracking.
What is the maximum temperature 1.4418 can withstand?
1.4418 can be used at temperatures up to 350°C (662°F). For short-term exposure, it can withstand higher temperatures. For applications needing higher temperature resistance, we recommend other materials such as 1.4923 or nickel-based alloys.
What is the lead time for custom 1.4418 forging parts?
Normal lead time for custom 1.4418 forging parts is 4-6 weeks. For urgent orders, we can often speed up production to meet your deadlines. Please contact us with your specific requirements for a detailed lead time quote.
Do you provide machining services for 1.4418 forgings?
Yes, we offer a full range of machining services from rough machining to finish machining according to clients drawings. We have CNC lathes, milling machines, drilling machines, and other advanced equipment to produce precision-machined 1.4418 parts.
Can you provide third-party inspection for 1.4418 forgings?
Yes, we can provide third-party inspection by reputable organizations such as SGS, BV, TÜV, or any other inspection agency . We also provide EN 10204 3.2 certificates which require third-party verification of test results.
Is 1.4418 magnetic?
Yes, 1.4418 is slightly magnetic. It is a martensitic and austenitic stainless steel with a ferromagnetic martensitic phase.Its relative magnetic permeability is slightly above 1.0, so it is weakly magnetic — noticeably more magnetic than fully austenitic grades like 304 or 316, which are basically non-magnetic.This needs to be taken into account in applications where magnetic interference may affect instrument accuracy, such as flow meters or sensors near strong magnetic fields.
What is the ASTM equivalent of 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1)?
There is no exact ASTM equivalent for 1.4418, but the most similar materials in the ASTM system are CA6NM (UNS J91540), a cast grade with similar Cr‑Ni‑Mo composition, and the wrought grade S41500, both of which feature the same low‑carbon Cr16‑Ni5‑Mo1 chemistry. For projects that require ASTM standards, 1.4418 forgings are usually acceptable if supplied with material certification conforming to EN 10088‑3 along with a comparison table showing that its chemical and mechanical properties meet or exceed the corresponding ASTM requirements, and our technical team can assist in preparing this documentation.
What is S165M and how does it relate to 1.4418?
S165M is the name used in older European and some national standards for the same steel as 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1). The number “165” stands for the approximate minimum 0.2% proof strength of 165 MPa in the QT900 condition (which was 165 kgf/cm² in older metric units). All three names — 1.4418, X4CrNiMo16-5-1, and S165M — mean the same alloy and can be used interchangeably in technical documents. If you are looking for S165M forgings or steel bars, Jiangsu Liangyi can supply them under the equivalent 1.4418 standard with complete EN 10204 certification.
1.4418 vs 17-4PH: which should I choose?
The choice depends on your main needs.Choose 1.4418 if you need: good weldability without required post-weld heat treatment, strong low-temperature toughness (including cryogenic use with ESR material), moderate corrosion resistance (PREN ≈ 20), and a cost-effective choice for valves, pumps and turbine parts.
Choose 17‑4PH if you need: higher tensile strength (up to 1,310 MPa, compared to 1,100 MPa for 1.4418), precipitation hardening that allows aging after final machining, or compliance with aerospace standards like AMS 5643.Be aware that 17‑4PH has lower toughness (Charpy values usually 27–40 J, vs. 40–80 J for 1.4418) and lower corrosion resistance (PREN ≈ 16) than 1.4418.For most valves, pumps and industrial forgings, 1.4418 provides a better balance of strength, toughness and weldability at a lower cost.